名词性从句作主语、宾语、表语
考点点击
考点一：
主语从句用it 作形式主语
有时主语从句太长，为了避免头重脚轻，保持句子平衡。常用it 作形式主语，主语从句放在句末；这时要分析从句的具体语境和结构来选择恰当的引导词。
1. （2011 江苏高考）It was never clear _______ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.
A. that B. how C. when D. why
考查名词性从句。 句子的意思：
那位男士为什么没有及时举报事故尚不清楚。
分析句子成分可知，此处是一个主语从句，再结合句子的意思可知应用why 引导。
2. (2011 重庆高考)It is still under discussion _______ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.
A. whether B. when C. which D. where
考查主语从句的引导词。句子的意思：
这个旧汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的旅馆取代还在讨论之中。
本句中的it 用形式主语，真正的主语是长句“whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. Whether在句子中引导主语从句。
3. (2011 湖南高考)Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ________ the problem itself is.
A. what B. that C. which D. why
考查名词性从句。主语从句缺少表语，所以用what. 句子的意思是：
在解决问题之前，一定要弄清楚问题是什么。
注意：
主语从句用it 作形式主语
有时主语从句太长，为了避免头重脚轻，保持句子平衡。常用it 作形式主语，主语从句放在句末 It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.
考点二：
what 引导主语从句。
连接代词what 可引导主语从句，它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。
4. （2011 北京高考）_________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom
考查名词性从句。由句子中的is 可知空格处为主语从句的引导词，且该引导词在从句中作offer 的宾语。所以可以排除C 项。which 是“哪一个”， whom“谁”。故只有B 项正确。
5. （2010 北京高考）______ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.
A. Whether B. What C. That D. How
考查名词性从句。句子的意思：
被一些人所认为是不利/足的（东西），被其他一些人认为是有利益的。 Drawback 不利；缺点；plus 附加的优点。What 引导主语从句，又在从句中充当宾语。
6. （2011 上海）_______ comes will be welcomed to the open-air concert.
1
A. Whatever
无论谁“whoever” B. Whoever C. No matter what D. No matter who
whoever/wherever/whichever/whomever/whatever等可引导名词性从句。意思是“无论……”
Whoever tells the truth will be respected.
No matter who/ Whoever asks you to give your personal information, don’t believe it.
考点三：
what 引导宾语从句。
what 引导宾语从句时候，它在宾语从句中充当主语或宾语。
7. （2011 安徽高考）His writing is so confusing that it is difficult to make out ________ he is trying to express.
A. that B. how C. who D. what
考查句子结构。句子的意思：
他的书写如此令人困惑，以至于难以辨认他在试图表达什么。分析句子结构可以知道，宾语从句he is trying to express缺少宾语，因此用what.
8. (2010 天津高考)As a new graduate, he doesn’t know ________ it takes to start a business here.
A. how B. what C. when D. which
考查连接词的用法。分析宾语从句的结构可以知道，从句中缺少宾语，应用连接代词，可排除A 、C 两项；由于没有限定范围，应用what 引导的宾语从句。故选B 项。which 是指“哪一个，哪些”，用于有限定范围的情况。
9. Our teachers always tell us to believe in _____ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.
A. why B. how C. what D. which
宾语从句缺少宾语可知选what
10. It is not always easy for the public to see ______ use a new invention can be of to human life.
A. whose B. what C. which D. that
What use作be of 的宾语。
11. We have offered her the job, but I don’t know ______ she will accept it.
A. where
注意：
1) 宾语从句可以作：
动词的宾语
Do you know who will take over the company after Mr. Smith retires?
介词的宾语
Every day he goes to the library by bike except when it rains.
形容词后作宾语
He was afraid that the other kid would laugh at him.
2) 宾语从句后有宾补时，需要用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
The man has made it clear that he will never change his mind.
3) 出现了or not/不定式, 只能用whether
Tell me whether or not you are interested.
We are still discussing whether to stay or leave.
2 B. what C. whether D. which Whether 引导宾语从句表示“是否”的意思。
考点四：
连接代词和连接副词引导表语从句。
连接代词what/which/who/whom/whose引导表语从句时，其在从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语。定语；连接副词when/where/how/why引导表语从句时，其在从句中冲当时间、地点、方式或原因状语。
11. （2011 山东高考）I am afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.
A. that B. when C. where D. why
考查表语从句。很显然，前文所说的（他是一个空谈家而不是一个实干家）是下文（他一事无成）的原因，由此可知应该选why.
12. (2011 陕西高考)I’d like to start my own business ——that is ______ I’d do if had the money.
A. why B. when C. which D. what
考查表语从句。
句子的意思：
那是如果我有钱就会做的事情。
从句中的do 是及物动词，缺少宾语。所以A 、B 都排除。这两个选项在从句中常常作状语。Which 引导宾语从句是指“哪一个，哪些”，用于有限定范围的情况。
13. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was ______ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A. what
注意：
除系动词外，look/remain/seem/appear/sound/feel等后也可接宾语从句。
It seemed that he knew nothing about our plan.
用whether/if/whoever/that/why/what填空。
1. _______ Caroline will come or not is still uncertain.
2. Michelle doesn’t care ___________ it rains.
3. ________ comes to the party will receive a present.
4. It doesn’t matter _________ or not Lydia will come.
5. The reason why Alan was late was __________ he missed the early bus.
6. We think it necessary ________ we should practice spoken English every day.
7. _________ we can’t get seems better than what we have.
8. _______ Simon has lost his job is not true.
9. The club will give ________ wins the competition a prize.
10. Clark is not sure _________ Sharon refused his invitation.
完成句子：
1. ___________________(有可能), in many schools, the students are going to spend less time in doing homework than they used to. (likely)
2. He does need to take responsibility and apologize for ______________________________(他所做的事情). (do)
3. ____________________________________________(任何计划好了的事情) is sure to change as one puts it into practice. (whatever)
3 B. that C. why D. whether That 引导表语从句。不在从句中作任何成分。只起连接作用，没有含义。
4. Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _______________________(讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)
5. ___________________________(要求) that students in this school should wear their uniform on weekdays. (make)
6. He ____________________________(清楚地表明) at the meeting that he wouldn’t agree to the plan. (make)
7. They are reliable. You may _______________________________(放心) that they will be there in time. (depend)
8. Six weeks is ________________________(所需要的时间) to learn how to better manage you household finances. (what)
9. It troubles me so much _______________________________(我不能够) to pass the driving test up to now. (able)
10. ___________________________________________(令球迷欣喜的) was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament.
11. He told us he has just finished his homework and ______________________________(他正要) to go to bed when the telephone rang. (about)
12. __________________________(我没想到) that Tom should be elected as chairman of the association. (occur)
13. I find it unbelievable __________________________(他当选) President of Wuhan University last month. (elect)
14. _________________________(已经得到证实) recently that the man has been involved in the case and is being questioned. (confirm)
15. _________________________________________(令我惊讶的) was that they had trouble distinguishing me from my brother. (surprise)
16. he had hoped to get the product at a lower price. That was _________________________(他上当的缘故). (take)
17. For many years I have been curious about _______________________________(他们会是什么样子) when the aliens from the Mars appear in front of us. (what)
18. _________________________ that such a naughty boy should become a minister later. (occur)
我从来没想过一个如此调皮的男孩子后来竟然成为一名牧师。
19. Our English teacher requires us to underline __________________________ important points when we read the text. (regard)
英语老师要求我们在读课文时划出我们认为重要的知识点。
20. Though we already had a long meeting yesterday, it is still under discussion __________________ president. (elect)
尽管我们呢昨天已经开了很长时间的会，现在我们还是没决定是否要选Jim 为主席。
21. _________________________ by the boss made him unhappy since he really needed the income to live on. (fire)
他被老板解雇了，这使他很不高兴，因为他确实需要那份工资来生存。
22. What impressed me most was _________________________ with only one interview since he was fresh in this field. (hire)
最让我印象深刻的是他竟能够仅通过一次面试就被聘用，因为他在这个行业是没有工作经验的 4