从英语的句子结构上说，除了修饰名词的定语和修饰动词的状语外，在千变万化的句子中可归纳为五个基本句式，一般地说，某些动词在某一句式中，下面我们把这些句型和常用的动词进行归类，供大家参考。
一、 S(主) + Vi (不及物动词) （谓）
Time (s) + flies (Vi)
_____________________________________ 两天过去了。
_____________________________________ 冬天快要来了。
_____________________________________ 受伤的猫死了。
_____________________________________ 发生了一宗交通事故。
1) S + Vi + adverbial ( 副词作状语) _____________________________________ 他高兴地离开了。
_____________________________________ 女孩安静地走了进来。 _____________________________________ 战争和平地结束了。 _____________________________________ 雨渐渐地停了。
2）S + Vi + Prep phase (介词短语作状语) _____________________________________ 他们会在三点钟到。 _____________________________________ 那群孩子步行去上学。
3）S + Vi +Infinitive (不定式作状语) _____________________________________ 他起得早是为了读英语。 _____________________________________ 他希望做医生。
4）S + Vi +Participle (现在分词作状语) _____________________________________ 我们明天一起去钓鱼。 _____________________________________ 我明天去划船。
_____________________________________ 昨天他们去逛街。
S（主）+ Vt( 及物动词) （谓）+ Object (宾)
------- We like English.
1） S + Vt + N/ Pron (名词或代词作宾语___________________________________________ 他去年教数学。
___________________________________________ 我们已收到了他们的来信。
2）S + Vt + Infinitive (不定式作宾语___________________________________________他爸爸期待拥有一家工厂。 ___________________________________________ 他们假装在看书。
___________________________________________ 我尝试去解决那个问题。 常用于这个句型的动词有：
attempt ,dare ,decide, desire, expect, hope, wish, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, want, manage, plan, fail, try, agree等。
3)S + Vt + 疑问词 + Infinitive （疑问词加不定式作宾语）
I don’_________________________________________我在想明天去哪里。 ______________________________________你决定要买什么了吗？
___________________________________________ 我想知道什么时候出发。 常用于这个句型的动词
有： ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder 等。
4）S + Vt + Gerund(动名词作宾语_________________________________________他每天都练习说英语。 ___________________________________________李阿姨忍不住笑了。 ___________________________________________我期待明天见到你。 常用于这个句型的动词有:
admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practice, risk, suggest, give up, can’t help, imagine, appreciate, escape, permit, put off, devote to, make a contribution to, look forward to, feel like, get/be used to, pay attention to, have trouble/ difficulty in, be fond of, be worth 等。
S（主）+ Lv (系动词) + P (表) 【谓语】
We are Chinese.
除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词：
1) 表感官的动词： feel, smell, taste, sound, look, 等
2) 表变化的动词：become, get, grow, turn, go, fall, run, come等
3) 表延续的动词：remain, keep, stay, stand, continue, lie等
4) 表表象的动词：seem, appear, look 等
5) 表终止的动词：prove, turn out等
1） S+Lv+N/Pron(名词、代词作表语) _____________________________________ 他们是美国人。 _____________________________________ 我是一个英语教师。
_____________________________________ 桌子上的那本书是我的。
2） S+Lv+ Adj( 形容词作表语)： _________________________________ 众所周知，牛肉在英国很受欢迎。 _____________________________________ 阅读很有用。
_____________________________________ 冰箱里的食物变质了。 _____________________________________ 昨天他们迟到了。
3） S+Lv+Adv（副词作表语）： _____________________________________ 他的父母出去了。
_____________________________________ 关于鲁迅的那部电影放了半个小时。
4） S+Lv+Prep+Phrase (介词短语作表语)： _____________________________________ 昨晚你在家吗？ _____________________________________ 那个女孩还在办公室。 _____________________________________ 他病了。
5） S+Lv+participle（分词作表语） _____________________________________ 昨天我听到的那个故事令人害怕。 _____________________________________ 那场篮球赛令人兴奋。
_____________________________________ 那个老板对我的工作很满意。
S（主）+ Vt（谓）+ Indirect Object (间宾)+Direct Object (直宾) 【双宾】
eg. I give you help.
1) S + Vt +N/Porn (间宾) + N (直宾)
I sent him a book. / I bought Mary a book.
_____________________________________ 我父亲给我姐姐带来了一台 PC。 _____________________________________ 陈老师叫我们语文。 _____________________________________ 给我看看你的执照。
2) S + Vt +N (直宾) + to/ for +N /Porn (间宾) 间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow, bring, deny, do (带来)， give，grant， hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。
_____________________________________ 警察提供一日三餐给犯人。 _____________________________________ 他从来都不把他的小车借给别人。 _____________________________________ 音乐给我们带来快乐。
间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：buy，cash，choose，fetch，get，leave， make， order，paint，play（演奏），save，sing，spare等。
_____________________________________你能抽出一些时间给小朋友吗？ _____________________________________ 我将为你挑一份精美的礼物。 _____________________________________ 我会为你给房间上油漆。
英语五种简单句 （五）
S（主）+ Vt（谓）+ Object (宾) + OC (宾补) 【复合宾语】
1) S + Vt +N/Porn (宾) + N (宾补_____________________________________ 我们选他为总统。
_____________________________________ 我们选她做班长。
（Note：表示独一的头衔、职位或身份的名词作宾语补足语，不用冠词） 常用于这个句型的动词有：appoint，call，choose，elect，entitle，find，make，name，nominate（命名）.
2) S + Vt +N/Porn (宾) + adj. (宾补_____________________________________ 他的话令我发狂。
_____________________________________我们认为这项工作很容易。
常用于这个句型的动词有：boil，think，drive，find，get，hold，keep，leave，like，make，paint，see，set，turn，want，wash，wipe，wish
3) S + Vt +N/Porn (宾) + prep phrase (宾补) _____________________________________ 请不要客气（就像在家一样）。
4) S + Vt +N/Porn (宾) +infinitive (宾补) 常用于这句型的动词有：a) 不定式带to 的词：
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish.
_____________________________________ 老师鼓励我们每天锻炼身体。 b) 的词：
feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch.
_____________________________________ 李华昨晚见到他们离开了。
5) S + Vt +N/Porn + (宾) + participle （分词做宾补）
I heard my name called. / I feel something moving.
_____________________________________ 他成功地使自己被别人明白了。 _____________________________________ 刚才我看见孩子们正在河边玩。 常用于这句型的动词有：catch，feel，find，get，have，hear，imagine，keep，leave， listen to，look at，notice，observe，perceive，see，set，smell，start，watch
5) S + Vt +N/Porn + wh-word + infinitive
答案
（一）
Two days passed/ went by/ have gone. Winter is coming soon./ Winter will come. The injured cat died. A traffic accident happened.
1) He left happily.
The girl came in quietly. The war ended peacefully. The rain stopped gradually.
2) He will arrive at 3 o’clock.
The group of children went to school on foot.
3) He gets up very early to read English. He hopes to be a doctor.
4) We will go fishing tomorrow. I will go boating tomorrow. He went shopping yesterday. （二）
1) He taught moths last year.
We have received their letters./ We have heard from them.
2) His father expected to own/ have a factory. He pretended to be reading.
I try/ attempted to solve the problem/ question.
3) I think/ wonder where to go tomorrow.
Have you decided what to buy?/ Do you decide what to buy? I wonder/ want to know when to set off/ go/ leave.
4) He practices speaking English every day. Aunt Li can’t help laughing.
I expect to see you tomorrow./ I’m looking forward to seeing/ meeting you.
(三)
1) They are Americans. I am an English teacher./ I am a teacher of English. That book on the desk is mine.
2) As everyone knows, beef is very popular/ welcome in Britain/ England. Reading is useful. / Reading is of great use. The food in the fridge/ refrigerator/ ice box has gone bad. They were late for school yesterday.
3) His parents are out. The movie about Lu Xun has been on half an hour.
4) Were you at home last night? That girl is still in the office.
He is in bad condition./ He is in hospital.
5) That story which I heard yesterday was frightening/ horrifying. That basketball match/ game is exciting. That boss is satisfied with my job/ work.
(四)
1) My father brought my sister a PC/ personal computer. Mr. Chen teaches us Chinese. Show me your license.
2) The police offer 3 meals a day to the prisoners. He never lends his car to others. Music brings happiness to us.
3) Can you spare/ save some minutes/ time for the children? I will choose/ buy a nice present for you. I will paint the room for you.
(五)
1) We elected him our president. We chose her our monitor.
2) His words drive me crazy. We thought this job easy.
3) Please make yourself at home.
4) Our teachers encourage us to take exercise every day. Li Hua saw them leave last night.
5) He managed to make himself understood. I just saw the children playing near the river.