I．用于文章开头
1. 俗语说得好
Well goes an old saying,…
As an old saying goes( runs, says),…
An old saying goes,… = It’s an old saying + that从句
eg. 俗语说得好：“诚实为上策。” As an old saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.”
2. A. With the increase/ growth of the population, …
B. With the advice of science and technology, …
Eg. 随着台湾经济的快速发展，许多社会问题产生了。
With the rapid development of Taiwan’s economy, a lot of social
problems have come to pass.
3.
Among various kinds of…, .. = Of all the…, …
Eg. 在各种运动中,我尤其喜欢慢跑。
Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.
4.
In he age of information and communication, … plays an important role. Eg.在这信息的年代，计算机扮演非常重要的角色。
In the age of information and communication, the computer plays an extremely
important role.
5. A
People have (take, adopt, assume) different attitudes towards sth.
= People have different opinions on sth.
= People take different views of (on )sth.
B
Some people believe that… Others argue that
Eg. 人们对失败有不同的态度。一些人认为失败最终会带来成功。他们经
历的每一次失败都会转变为再一次尝试的更大的成功机会。然而，其他有些人则会很容易北失败击倒，把他们自己列入失败者的行列。
People have different attitudes towards failure. Some believe that failure leads to success. Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor. However, others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers.
Eg.幸运数字真的能给人带来好运吗？对此不同的人有不同的观点。
Do lucky numbers really bring good luck? Different people have different views on it.
II. 用于文章主题句
6. A Everyone knows +that 从句
B …
Eg. 就我所知，下列方法对我帮助很大。
As far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.
7. There is no doubt + that从句
Eg. 毫无疑问地，近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。
There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.
8. According to my personal experience, …
= Based on my personal experience, …
Eg. 根据我个人经验，微笑已带给我许多好处。
According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.
9. It goes without saying +that从句
= （It is ）needless to say + that从句
= It is obvious + that 从句 = Obviously, …
Eg. 不用说，早睡早起是值得的。
It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.
10. In my opinion, … = To my mind,…
= As far as I am concerned, … =I am of he opinion +that从句
Eg. 就我的看法，打电动瓦努既花费时间又有害健康。
In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.
11. It is necessary that S + (should) V.
It is important/ essential that S + (should) V
It is proper that S + (should) V
It is urgent that S + (should) V
Eg. 我们保持公共场所清洁是应当的。
It is proper that we should keep the public places clean.
12. Whenever I hear… I cannot but feel excited
( Whenever I do… I cannot but feel sad
Whenever I think of… I cannot but feel nervous
Whenever I meet with… I cannot but feel frightened
Whenever I see… I cannot but feel surprised.)
Eg.每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪，我就忍不住感到悲伤。
Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.
= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.
13. It is said that
It is thought that
It is reported that
It is expected that
It is estimated that
It is believed that
Eg. 一般相信阅读增加我们的知识，扩大我们的心胸。
It is believed (that) reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.
The main reason why … is that…
Eg. 青少年犯罪的主要理由是社会环境日益败坏。
The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.
15. A in the following ways.
B … for three major reasons.
C To…, there are at least three things we
can do.
Eg. 我用下列方法增加信心。 I increase my confidence in the following ways. 人们学外语有三个理由。People learn a foreign language for three major
reasons.
为了维护健康，我们每天至少可做三件事。
To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day.
III. 用于文章承转句
16.
In other words… = to put it differently
Eg.换言之，我会尽最大的努力达成我的目标。
In other words, I will try my best to attain (gain, live up to) my goal.
17. 事实上，……
As a matter of fact, … = In fact, …
Eg.事实山，健康才是最重要。
As a matter of fact, it is heath that counts.
18. A for example
B Take… for example
Eg. 例如，我们盲目得高生活水准，却降低了生活品质。
For example, we elevate the living standards blindly, but lower he quality of life.
on the contrary, … = by contrast, …
eg. 相反地，少数学生似乎还在瞎混。
On the contrary, a few students, it seems, are still fooling around.
20. on the other hand, …
eg. 政府应严格执法，另一方面，大众也应该培养减少污染的好习惯。
The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other hand, the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution.
That is to say, … =That is, … = Namely, …
eg. 我们生活需有规律。也就是说，早睡早起，戒除烟酒。
We need to live a regular life. That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.
22. What is more serious is that…
eg. 更严重的是，我们不珍惜野生动物。
What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife.
23. A For this reason, …
B For this purpose, …
eg. 基于这个理由，我已经决定把行医作为未来的职业。
For this reason, I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career.
24. We have reasons to believe that…
eg. 我们有理由相信体罚应该严格禁止。
We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.
25. However，it is a pity that…
eg. 然后，很可惜的是他总是临时抱佛脚。
However, it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour.
26. A In conclusion, … = To sum up, …
B. In short, it can be said that…
C. It may be briefly summed up as follows.
D. From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion
that…
eg. 总而言之，好公民应该遵守交通规则。
In conclusion, a good citizen should abide by traffic regulations.
eg. 从上面提到的内容来看，我们可以得出结论，考试是必要的，然而方法应该改进。
From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary, however, its method should be improved.
27. We can, therefore, come to the conclusion that…
eg. 因此，我们能下个结论，那就是世上自由最珍贵。
We can, therefore, come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.
If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that…
eg. 如果我们能做到如上所述，毫无疑问的，我们就能精通英语。
If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that we can master English.
29. A From the … point of view, …
B. According to… point of view, …
eg. 从政治的观点来看，这是一个很复杂的问题。
From the political point, this is a very complex question.
30.
If one can really put the three points into action (practice), …
eg. 如果能实践这三点，他一定能过着一种健康而幸福的生活。
If one can really put the three points into action (practice), he will surely be able to live a healthy and happy life.
31. By doing these simple things, we surely can…
eg. 做这些简单之事，我们一定可以快乐出门，平安回家。
By doing these simple things, we surely can go out of the door happily and come back home safe every day.
In this way, I believe that…
eg. 如此，我相信大家能够像我一样，享受乘坐公车的乐趣。
In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me.
33. For these reasons, I …
eg. 由于这些理由，我认为在台湾接受大学教育是明智的。
For these reasons, I think that receiving college education in Taiwan is wise.
34. Thus, this is the reason why…
eg. 因此，这就是我重感冒的原因。
Thus, this is the reason why I caught a bad cold.
35.
Therefore, we should realize that…
eg. 所以，我们应该了解学英文不能没有字典。
Therefore, we should realize that in learning English we cannot do without a dictionary.
36. We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion that…
eg. 因此，由上列的讨论我们可以证明了毅力可以克服任何困难。
We, therefore, can make clear from he above discussion that perseverance can
overcome any difficulty.
V． 其他
37. 1）We should take some effective measures.
2) We should try our best to overcome (conquer) the difficulties.
3) We should do our utmost in doing sth.
4) We should solve the problems that we are confronted (faced) with.
eg. The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and
more serious. Therefore, we must take some effective measures to solve it.
38. 表示变化
1) Some changes have taken place in the past five years.
2) A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications.
3) the computer has brought about many changes in education.
eg. Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years. The
major reasons for these changes are not far to seek. Nowadays, more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein, and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins.
39. 1)Compared with A, B…
2) I prefer to read rather than watch TV.
3) There is a striking contrast between them.
eg Compared with cars, bicycles have several advantages besides being
affordable. Firstly, they do not consume natural resources of petroleum. Secondly, they do not cause the pollution problem. Last but not least, they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise.
40. 1) It has increased (decreased) from… to…
2) The population in this city has now increased ( decreased ) to 800,000.
3) The output of July in this factory increased by 15% compared with that of January.
eg. With the improvement of the living standard, the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased. eg. From the graph listed above, it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less that two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000.